Animal Residue Data Sheet - Imidacloprid

Imidacloprid is registered in Australia for use on cotton, cereals, stone and pome fruit, pastures, and various vegetable crops. Details of the registered use patterns can be found on the approved labels of registered products containing imidacloprid as the active constituent. This Animal Residue Data Sheet provides information on the possible residues in feed commodities obtained from crops treated with imidacloprid. It also provides information on the anticipated maximum dietary exposure of animals fed treated commodities, which should not result in the violation of animal MRLs.

Current MRLs

The Australian MRLs for imidacloprid in food and animal feed commodities, as listed in Table 1 and Table 4 of the MRL Standard (as at August 2003) are shown below. The residue definition of imidacloprid in Australia is the Sum of imidacloprid and metabolites containing the 6-chloropyridinylmethylene moiety, expressed as imidacloprid.

Code	Food	MRL, mg/kg
Food Commodities
FP 0226	Apple	0.3
	Bergamot	T5
VB 0040	Brassica (cole or cabbage) vegetables Head cabbages, Flowerhead brassicas	0.5
VL 0054	Brassica leafy vegetables	5
VS 0624	Celery	0.3
GC 0080	Cereal grains [except maize and sorghum]	*0.05
VL 0465	Chervil	T5
VP 0526	Common bean (pods and/or immature seeds)	T1
FC 0001	Citrus fruits	T0.5
	Coriander (leaves, stem roots)	T5
HS 0779	Coriander seed	T5
SO 0691	Cotton seed	*0.02
HS 0730	Dill seed	T5
HS 0731	Fennel seed	T5
VA 0380	Fennel, bulb	T0.1
VC 0045	Fruiting vegetables, cucurbits	0.2
VO 0050	Fruiting vegetables, other than Cucurbits (except sweet corn)	0.5
VR 0581	Galangal, Greater	T0.05
HH 0092	Herbs	T5
VL 0479	Japanese greens	T5
	Kaffir lime leaves	T5
	Lemon grass	T5
DT 1111	Lemon verbena (fresh weight)	T5
VD 0545	Lupin (dry)	*0.05
GC 0645	Maize	0.05
	Mizuna	T5
VR 0589	Potato	T0.5
SO 0495	Rape seed [canola seed]	*0.05
	Rose and dianthus (edible flowers)	T5
VL 0496	Rucola (rocket)	T5
HH 4731	Salad burnett	T5
GC 0651	Sorghum	*0.02
FS 0012	Stone fruits	0.5
GS 0659	Sugarcane	T*0.05
SO 0702	Sunflower seed	*0.02
VO 0447	Sweet corn (corn-on-the-cob)	*0.02
VR 0508	Sweet Potato	0.05
HS 0794	Tumeric, root (fresh)	T0.05
Animal commodities
MO 0105	Edible offal (mammalian)	0.2
PE 0112	Eggs	*0.02
MM 0095	Meat [mammalian]	0.05
ML 0106	Milks	0.05
PO 0111	Poultry, Edible offal of	*0.02
PM 0110	Poultry meat	*0.02
Animal feed commodities
AB 0226	Apple pomace, dry	2
	Brassica forage crops (kale, rape, swede and turnip)	1
	Cereal and sweet corn fodder and forage	10
	Cotton seed hulls	*0.02
	Cotton seed meal	0.02
	Lucerne fodder and forage	1
	Lupin fodder and forage	10
	Pastures	1
	Rape seed [canola] fodder and forage	1
AS 0081	Straw and fodder (dry) of cereal grains	0.7

Summary of maximum feeding levels and livestock dietary intakes

The Maximum Feeding Level (MFL, the feeding level at which the MRLs are based), the equivalent Daily Dietary Intake For Livestock (DDIL) and the equivalent daily intake of imidacloprid are summarised below.

Species	MFL, ppm in diet	Equivalent DDIL, mg/kg bw	Equivalent intake of imidacloprid, mg/animal/day
Cattle^a	14	0.49	266
Sheep^a	14	0.58	35
Pig^a	14	0.58	35
Poultry^b	1	0.075	0.15
^a Based on a lactating cow feeding study, 508 — 634 kg bw, 15 — 20 kg feed/day ^b Based on a laying hen feeding study, average 1.4 kg bw, 0.123 kg feed/day

Detailed information

All feed commodities

Feed commodities that may contain residues of imidacloprid are listed in the table below. The theoretical maximum proportion of the diet that the commodity can comprise, when residues are present at the MRL, without the significant risk of animal commodity MRLs being violated is also given. For instance, were dry citrus pulp to be fed to poultry at 20% of the diet, the remainder of the diet would need to be free of residues of imidacloprid to minimise the risk of poultry commodity MRLs being violated. It should be noted that the feeding levels assumed by the NRA when setting animal commodity MRLs are theoretical values, and they should not be taken as recommendations of appropriate rations for livestock.

Commodity^a	Assumed Maximum proportion of diet (%)^b	Feed intake (kg/animal/day)^c	MRL (mg/kg)^d	Maximum intake of imidacloprid from commodity (mg/animal/day)^e	Theoretical maximum proportion of diet (%)^f
Cattle (Based on a 500 kg animal consuming 20 kg DM/day)
Apple pomace, dry	20	4	2	8.0	100
Brassica forage crops (kale, rape, swede and turnip)	100	20	1	20	100
Canola seed	30	6	0.05	0.3	100
Cereal and sweet corn fodder and forage	100	20	10	200	100
Cereal grains	100	20	0.05	1.0	100
Cotton seed	30	6	0.02	0.12	100
Cotton seed meal	30	6	0.02	0.12	100
Lucerne fodder and forage	100	20	1	20	100
Lupins	100	20	0.05	1.0	100
Lupin fodder and forage	100	20	10	200	100
Pasture	100	20	1	20	100
Rape seed (canola) fodder and forage	100	20	1	20	100
Straw and fodder (dry) of cereal grains	100	20	0.7	14	100
Sheep (Based on a 60 kg animal consuming 2.5 kg DM/day)
Apple pomace, dry	20	0.5	2	1.0	100
Brassica forage crops (kale, rape, swede and turnip)	100	2.5	1	2.5	100
Canola seed	30	0.75	0.05	0.04	100
Cereal and sweet corn fodder and forage	100	2.5	10	25	100
Cereal grains	100	2.5	0.05	0.13	100
Cotton seed	30	0.75	0.02	0.02	100
Cotton seed meal	30	0.75	0.02	0.02	100
Lucerne fodder and forage	100	2.5	1	2.5	100
Lupins	100	2.5	0.05	0.13	100
Lupin fodder and forage	100	2.5	10	25	100
Pasture	100	2.5	1	2.5	100
Rape seed (canola) fodder and forage	100	2.5	1	2.5	100
Straw and fodder (dry) of cereal grains	100	2.5	0.7	1.75	100
Pigs (Based on a 60 kg animal consuming 2.5 kg DM/day)
Apple pomace, dry	20	0.5	2	1.0	100
Canola seed	30	0.75	0.05	0.04	100
Cereal grains	100	2.5	0.05	0.13	100
Cotton seed	30	0.75	0.02	0.02	100
Cotton seed meal	30	0.75	0.02	0.02	100
Lupins	100	2.5	0.05	0.13	100
Sugar	20	0.5	0.05	0.03	100
Poultry (Based on a 2 kg animal consuming 150 g DM/day)
Apple pomace, dry	5	0.0075	2	0.015	50
Canola seed	30	0.045	0.05	0.00225	100
Cereal grains	100	0.15	0.05	0.0075	100
Cotton seed	30	0.045	0.02	0.0009	100
Cotton seed meal	20	0.03	0.02	0.0006	100
Lupins	100	0.15	0.05	0.0075	100
^a The feed commodities that may contain residues of imidacloprid, and may form more than 20% of an animals diet. ^b The maximum % of the diet that the commodity is assumed to comprise for the purposes of setting MRLs, based on Stockfeed Information Document 1 ^c The equivalent amount of feed for an animal of designated weight and feed intake that is assumed for the purposes of setting MRLs ^d The MRL for each feed commodity (correction for dry weight basis where required) ^e The maximum intake of imidacloprid when the commodity is fed at the maximum assumed level (Column 1) in the absence of other sources of imidacloprid. ^f The maximum % of the diet at which the commodity could theoretically be fed without significant risk of exceeding animal commodity MRLs. It is assumed that the residue in the feed commodity is present at the MRL (or dry weight equivalent) and other dietary sources of imidacloprid are absent.

Abbreviations and definitions

DM: Dry matter. The feed consumption for livestock and the residue levels in feed commodities are expressed on a dry matter basis.

DDIL: Daily Dietary Intake for Livestock. The level of dietary exposure for a specified chemical in a specified species that should not result in exceedance of the relevant animal commodity MRLs. Expressed in mg chemical/kg bodyweight.

MFL: Maximum Feeding Level. The level of dietary exposure for a specified chemical in a specified species that should not result in exceedance of the relevant animal commodity MRLs. Expressed in terms of ppm in the feed.

MRL: The concentration of a chemical residue, in units of mg/kg, that is legally permitted in or on a food or food commodity.

ppm in the feed: Parts per million in the feed. An alternate way of expressing the level of dietary exposure for a chemical. The level of chemical intake is calculated as though it were present uniformly in the total feed intake. The ppm in the feed is calculated using the following formula: DDIL (mg chemical/kg bw) _ body weight (kg) ¸ daily feed intake (kg).

STMR-P: Supervised Trial Median Residue of the processed commodity. The highest residue that livestock are likely to be exposed to in practice when fed processed commodities over a prolonged period. This is derived from the STMR of the whole commodity multiplied by the processing factor.

Attachment 1: Anticipated maximum dietary exposure

The following calculations outline the theoretical diet used to calculate the maximum anticipated dietary exposure, maximum feeding level (MFL) and the daily dietary intake for livestock (DDIL) for cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry.

Cattle

Feed group	Feed commodity	% in the diet	Feed intake, kg/animal/day^a	MRL, mg/kg	% DM^b	Intake of imidacloprid, mg/animal/day^c
Fodder & forage	Cereal and sweet corn fodder and forage	100	20	10		200
Total		100	20			200
^aBased on assumed feed consumption of 20 kg dry matter/day ^bEstimate of percentage dry matter. Applied to MRLs expressed on a fresh weight basis ^cBased on assumed bodyweight of 500 kg

Maximum anticipated dietary exposure:	200 mg/animal/day
equivalent to:	0.4 mg/kg bw
equivalent to:	10 ppm in the diet

MFL (Based on the available lactating cow feeding data (Attachment 2)):	14 ppm in the diet
equivalent DDIL:	0.49 mg/kg bw

Sheep

Feed group	Feed commodity	% in the diet	Feed intake, kg/animal/day^a	MRL, mg/kg	% DM^b	Intake of imidacloprid, mg/animal/day^c
Fodder & forage	Cereal and sweet corn fodder and forage	100	2.5	10		25
Total		100				25
^aBased on assumed feed consumption of 2.5 kg dry matter/day ^bEstimate of percentage dry matter. Applied to MRLs expressed on a fresh weight basis ^cBased on assumed bodyweight of 60 kg

Maximum anticipated dietary exposure:	25 mg/animal/day
equivalent to:	0.42 mg/kg bw
equivalent to:	10 ppm in the diet

MFL (Based on the available lactating cow feeding data (Attachment 2)):	14 ppm in the diet
equivalent DDIL:	0.58 mg/kg bw

Pigs

Feed group	Feed commodity	% in the diet	Feed intake, kg/animal/day^a	MRL, mg/kg	% DM^b	Intake of imidacloprid, mg/animal/day^c
Fruit by products	Apple pomace, dry	20	0.5	2		1
Grain	Cereal grains	80	2	0.05		0.1
Total		100	2.5			1.1
^aBased on assumed feed consumption of 2.5 kg dry matter/day ^bEstimate of percentage dry matter. Applied to MRLs expressed on a fresh weight basis ^cBased on assumed bodyweight of 60 kg

Maximum anticipated dietary exposure:	1.1 mg/animal/day
equivalent to:	0.018 mg/kg bw
equivalent to:	0.44 ppm in the diet

MFL (Based on the available lactating cow feeding data (Attachment 2)):	14 ppm in the diet
equivalent DDIL:	0.58 mg/kg bw

Poultry

Feed group	Feed commodity	% in the diet	Feed intake, kg/animal/day^a	MRL, mg/kg	% DM^b	Intake of imidacloprid, mg/animal/day^c
Fruit by products	Apple pomace, dry	5	0.0075	2		0.015
Grains	Cereal grains	95	0.1425	0.05		0.007
Total		100	0.15			0.022
^aBased on assumed feed consumption of 0.150 kg dry matter/day ^bEstimate of percentage dry matter. Applied to MRLs expressed on a fresh weight basis ^cBased on assumed bodyweight of 2 kg

Maximum anticipated dietary exposure:	0.022 mg/animal/day
equivalent to:	0.011 mg/kg bw
equivalent to:	0.15 ppm in the diet

MFL (Based on the available poultry feeding data (Attachment 2)):	1 ppm in the diet
equivalent DDIL:	0.075mg/kg bw